The EFAtools package performs exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and compares EFA solutions. It offers current factor retention methods and many estimation, rotation, and correlation options. The package implements core iterative procedures, including principal axis factoring (PAF), rotation, and polychoric correlation estimation, in C++ to increase speed.
You can install the release version from CRAN with:
install.packages("EFAtools")You can install the development version from GitHub with:
# install.packages("pak")
pak::pak("mdsteiner/EFAtools")The efa_* functions cover the steps of an EFA
workflow:
efa_screen() checks the data for multivariate normality,
outliers, and suitability for factor analysis. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin
criterion and Bartlett’s test of sphericity can also be run separately
with efa_kmo() and efa_bartlett().efa_retain() runs
several factor retention criteria with a single call. They are also
available on their own: efa_cd(), efa_ekc(),
efa_hull(), efa_kgc(), efa_map(),
efa_nest(), efa_parallel(),
efa_scree(), and efa_smt().efa_fit() fits the factor
model. estimate_control() and rotate_control()
configure the estimation and rotation settings.efa_procrustes() rotates a solution onto a target.
efa_schmid_leiman() transforms an oblique solution into a
hierarchical one.efa_reliability()
computes reliability and common-variance coefficients for a factor
solution.efa_scores() estimates
factor scores together with score-quality diagnostics.efa_compare() compares two
solutions (loadings or communalities).efa_average() averages
solutions across implementations and methods to assess their
stability.efa_group() fits a
solution per group and compares them.efa_mi() fits and
pools solutions across multiply imputed data sets.efa_simulate() simulates
data from a common-factor population model.efa_power() performs analytic
and simulation-based power analysis.The uppercase names of the older package versions
(EFA(), N_FACTORS(), …) still work and keep
their arguments. Use the efa_* names for new code.
The following vignettes and articles cover these in detail:
The following examples show some EFAtools functions.
# load the package
library(EFAtools)Use efa_retain() to test if your data are suitable for
factor analysis. It runs multiple factor retention criteria in a single
call.
With raw data, efa_retain() runs every criterion:
# Run multiple factor retention methods
efa_retain(GRiPS_raw)
#> Warning: The suggested maximum number of factors was 2, but the Hull method needs at
#> least 3.
#> ℹ Setting it to 3.
#> ── Tests for the suitability of the data for factor analysis ───────────────────
#>
#> ✔ The Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant at an alpha level of .05:
#> χ²(28) = 5054.06, p < .001. These data are probably suitable for factor
#> analysis.
#> ✔ The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin criterion is marvellous (KMO = 0.955). These data are
#> probably suitable for factor analysis.
#>
#> ── Suggested number of factors ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> 9 suggestions from 6 criteria, all suggesting 1 factor.
#>
#> Comparison data
#> • Suggested number of factors: 1
#>
#> Empirical Kaiser Criterion
#> • Braeken & van Assen (2017): 1
#>
#> Hull method
#> Estimator: ML
#> • CAF: 1
#> • CFI: 1
#> • RMSEA: 1
#>
#> Minimum average partial
#> • Original implementation (TR2): 1
#> • Revised implementation (TR4): 1
#>
#> Next Eigenvalue Sufficiency Test
#> • Suggested number of factors: 1
#>
#> Parallel analysis
#> Eigenvalues found using SMC; 1000 simulated datasets.
#> • SMC: 1With a correlation matrix, efa_retain() skips the
criteria that need raw data:
efa_retain(DOSPERT$cormat, N = DOSPERT$N)
#> Warning: `x` is a correlation matrix, but "CD" needs raw data.
#> ℹ Skipping "CD".
#> ── Tests for the suitability of the data for factor analysis ───────────────────
#>
#> ✔ The Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant at an alpha level of .05:
#> χ²(780) = 16071.13, p < .001. These data are probably suitable for factor
#> analysis.
#> ✔ The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin criterion is meritorious (KMO = 0.9). These data are
#> probably suitable for factor analysis.
#>
#> ── Suggested number of factors ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> 8 suggestions from 5 criteria, ranging from 1 to 12 factors (most common: 10).
#>
#> Empirical Kaiser Criterion
#> • Braeken & van Assen (2017): 10
#>
#> Hull method
#> Estimator: ML
#> • CAF: 12
#> • CFI: 1
#> • RMSEA: 1
#>
#> Minimum average partial
#> • Original implementation (TR2): 5
#> • Revised implementation (TR4): 6
#>
#> Next Eigenvalue Sufficiency Test
#> • Suggested number of factors: 10
#>
#> Parallel analysis
#> Eigenvalues found using SMC; 1000 simulated datasets.
#> • SMC: 12
#>
#> ── Criteria that could not be run ──────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> ! CD: needs raw data, but a correlation matrix was suppliedWith raw data, you can use every feature: sandwich and bootstrap standard errors, DWLS estimation with polychoric correlations, and two-stage FIML estimation of correlations.
In the first example below, which uses bootstrap SEs
(se = "np-boot"), the confidence intervals are percentile
intervals over refitted resamples. For the loadings and factor
correlations, the intervals are centred on the point estimate. For the
indices derived from the chi-square (RMSEA, AIC, BIC, ECVI), the
intervals are located above the point estimate, because each resample
carries the sample’s own misfit plus fresh sampling noise. So a point
estimate can fall below its own lower bound in some cases. CFI and TLI
are unaffected because they are ratios: their baseline chi-square shifts
together with the model chi-square.
# ULS / MINRES estimation with oblimin rotation and bootstrap SEs
mod <- efa_fit(DOSPERT_raw, n_factors = 5, estimator = "uls", rotation = "oblimin",
se = "np-boot", seed = 1)
#> ℹ `x` is not a correlation matrix; computing correlations from the raw data.
mod
#>
#> EFA performed with estimator = 'ULS' and rotation = 'oblimin'.
#>
#> ── Rotated Loadings ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 h2 u2
#> ethR_1 .513 -.018 .030 -.016 .130 .309 .691
#> ethR_2 .518 -.044 .078 .019 .045 .304 .696
#> ethR_3 .639 -.001 .024 -.223 .081 .490 .510
#> ethR_4 .586 -.122 -.050 -.060 .046 .295 .705
#> ethR_5 .477 .065 -.010 -.127 .032 .267 .733
#> ethR_6 .621 -.098 -.007 -.016 -.021 .345 .655
#> finR_1 -.004 -.005 .841 -.021 .025 .717 .283
#> finR_2 -.066 .029 -.045 .068 .688 .476 .524
#> finR_3 -.005 -.013 .856 .010 .016 .730 .270
#> finR_4 .072 .041 .090 -.040 .710 .600 .400
#> finR_5 -.005 -.029 .873 .000 .040 .768 .232
#> finR_6 .054 .064 .093 .085 .683 .599 .401
#> heaR_1 .426 .087 .101 .087 -.036 .273 .727
#> heaR_2 .453 .053 .050 .136 -.050 .262 .738
#> heaR_3 .415 .130 .071 .019 -.052 .257 .743
#> heaR_4 .362 .163 .123 -.015 -.066 .254 .746
#> heaR_5 .382 .091 -.019 .123 -.057 .185 .815
#> heaR_6 .430 .206 .026 .138 .003 .338 .662
#> recR_1 .017 .407 -.035 .217 .026 .254 .746
#> recR_2 .117 .531 .111 -.101 .038 .410 .590
#> recR_3 .060 .619 .026 .003 .054 .452 .548
#> recR_4 -.072 .861 -.033 -.059 .027 .682 .318
#> recR_5 -.008 .805 .013 -.091 -.003 .628 .372
#> recR_6 -.020 .637 .031 .025 .102 .467 .533
#> socR_1 -.029 -.085 -.071 .646 -.004 .419 .581
#> socR_2 .093 -.027 .031 .679 .039 .474 .526
#> socR_3 -.133 -.058 .018 .640 -.005 .416 .584
#> socR_4 -.004 .018 .032 .614 .007 .383 .617
#> socR_5 .049 .103 -.045 .379 .051 .185 .815
#> socR_6 .004 -.008 .016 .549 .041 .308 .692
#>
#> ── Factor Intercorrelations ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
#> F1 1.000
#> F2 .372 1.000
#> F3 .448 .319 1.000
#> F4 .006 .200 -.042 1.000
#> F5 .154 .290 .344 .145 1.000
#>
#> ── Variances Accounted for ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
#> SS loadings 3.163 2.940 2.457 2.323 1.664
#> Prop Tot Var .105 .098 .082 .077 .055
#> Cum Prop Tot Var .105 .203 .285 .363 .418
#> Prop Comm Var .252 .234 .196 .185 .133
#> Cum Prop Comm Var .252 .486 .682 .867 1.000
#>
#> ── Model Fit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> χ²(295) = 3604.56, p < .001
#> CFI [95% bootstrap-CI]: .90 [.88, .90]
#> TLI [95% bootstrap-CI]: .85 [.82, .85]
#> RMSEA [90% CI] [95% bootstrap-CI]: .06 [.06; .06] [.06, .07]
#> AIC [95% bootstrap-CI]: 3014.56 [3034.98, 3700.48]
#> BIC [95% bootstrap-CI]: 1230.83 [1251.25, 1916.74]
#> ECVI [95% bootstrap-CI]: 1.26 [1.27, 1.48]
#> CAF [95% bootstrap-CI]: .43 [.43, .45]
#> SRMR [95% bootstrap-CI]: .03 [.03, .04]
#>
#> Note: Bootstrap CIs based on 1000 bootstrap samples.
# detailed output with summary()
summary(mod)
#>
#> EFA performed with estimator = 'ULS' and rotation = 'oblimin'.
#>
#> ── Model Diagnostics ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Factors: 5
#> Variables: 30
#> N: 3123
#> Bootstrap samples: 1000
#> Valid target-rotated samples: 1000 out of 1000
#> Rotation local optima: 1 distinct from 6 of 101 starts
#> Heywood cases: 0
#> Cross-loading items (|loading| >= .300): 0
#> Items without salient loading (|loading| >= .300): 0
#> Factors with fewer than 3 salient indicators: 0
#> Items with primary-loading gap < .200: 2
#> Largest |residual|: .246
#> Factor intercorrelations > .85: none
#>
#> ── Rotated Loadings ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 h2 u2
#> ethR_1 .513 -.018 .030 -.016 .130 .309 .691
#> ethR_2 .518 -.044 .078 .019 .045 .304 .696
#> ethR_3 .639 -.001 .024 -.223 .081 .490 .510
#> ethR_4 .586 -.122 -.050 -.060 .046 .295 .705
#> ethR_5 .477 .065 -.010 -.127 .032 .267 .733
#> ethR_6 .621 -.098 -.007 -.016 -.021 .345 .655
#> finR_1 -.004 -.005 .841 -.021 .025 .717 .283
#> finR_2 -.066 .029 -.045 .068 .688 .476 .524
#> finR_3 -.005 -.013 .856 .010 .016 .730 .270
#> finR_4 .072 .041 .090 -.040 .710 .600 .400
#> finR_5 -.005 -.029 .873 .000 .040 .768 .232
#> finR_6 .054 .064 .093 .085 .683 .599 .401
#> heaR_1 .426 .087 .101 .087 -.036 .273 .727
#> heaR_2 .453 .053 .050 .136 -.050 .262 .738
#> heaR_3 .415 .130 .071 .019 -.052 .257 .743
#> heaR_4 .362 .163 .123 -.015 -.066 .254 .746
#> heaR_5 .382 .091 -.019 .123 -.057 .185 .815
#> heaR_6 .430 .206 .026 .138 .003 .338 .662
#> recR_1 .017 .407 -.035 .217 .026 .254 .746
#> recR_2 .117 .531 .111 -.101 .038 .410 .590
#> recR_3 .060 .619 .026 .003 .054 .452 .548
#> recR_4 -.072 .861 -.033 -.059 .027 .682 .318
#> recR_5 -.008 .805 .013 -.091 -.003 .628 .372
#> recR_6 -.020 .637 .031 .025 .102 .467 .533
#> socR_1 -.029 -.085 -.071 .646 -.004 .419 .581
#> socR_2 .093 -.027 .031 .679 .039 .474 .526
#> socR_3 -.133 -.058 .018 .640 -.005 .416 .584
#> socR_4 -.004 .018 .032 .614 .007 .383 .617
#> socR_5 .049 .103 -.045 .379 .051 .185 .815
#> socR_6 .004 -.008 .016 .549 .041 .308 .692
#>
#> ── 95% bootstrap CIs for salient rotated loadings ──────────────────────────────
#>
#> Variable Factor est lower upper
#> ethR_1 F1 .513 .465 .553
#> ethR_2 F1 .518 .472 .558
#> ethR_3 F1 .639 .589 .677
#> ethR_4 F1 .586 .532 .630
#> ethR_5 F1 .477 .431 .523
#> ethR_6 F1 .621 .572 .662
#> heaR_1 F1 .426 .381 .472
#> heaR_2 F1 .453 .407 .497
#> heaR_3 F1 .415 .361 .472
#> heaR_4 F1 .362 .306 .419
#> heaR_5 F1 .382 .326 .435
#> heaR_6 F1 .430 .382 .475
#> recR_1 F2 .407 .366 .447
#> recR_2 F2 .531 .487 .572
#> recR_3 F2 .619 .578 .654
#> recR_4 F2 .861 .825 .891
#> recR_5 F2 .805 .771 .835
#> recR_6 F2 .637 .600 .669
#> finR_1 F3 .841 .801 .868
#> finR_3 F3 .856 .819 .881
#> finR_5 F3 .873 .837 .899
#> socR_1 F4 .646 .612 .680
#> socR_2 F4 .679 .648 .708
#> socR_3 F4 .640 .602 .674
#> socR_4 F4 .614 .581 .648
#> socR_5 F4 .379 .339 .418
#> socR_6 F4 .549 .511 .587
#> finR_2 F5 .688 .646 .723
#> finR_4 F5 .710 .667 .740
#> finR_6 F5 .683 .642 .715
#>
#> ── Factor Intercorrelations ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
#> F1 1.000
#> F2 .372 1.000
#> F3 .448 .319 1.000
#> F4 .006 .200 -.042 1.000
#> F5 .154 .290 .344 .145 1.000
#>
#> ── 95% bootstrap CIs for factor intercorrelations ──────────────────────────────
#>
#> Factors est lower upper
#> F1 ~~ F2 .372 .327 .405
#> F1 ~~ F3 .448 .400 .481
#> F1 ~~ F4 .006 -.037 .049
#> F1 ~~ F5 .154 .108 .196
#> F2 ~~ F3 .319 .270 .359
#> F2 ~~ F4 .200 .160 .236
#> F2 ~~ F5 .290 .241 .326
#> F3 ~~ F4 -.042 -.082 .002
#> F3 ~~ F5 .344 .293 .373
#> F4 ~~ F5 .145 .098 .185
#>
#> ── Structure Matrix ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
#> ethR_1 .540 .217 .299 .001 .212
#> ethR_2 .543 .190 .310 .017 .142
#> ethR_3 .661 .223 .348 -.209 .155
#> ethR_4 .525 .081 .192 -.072 .075
#> ethR_5 .500 .223 .240 -.106 .102
#> ethR_6 .578 .121 .233 -.035 .042
#> finR_1 .374 .265 .846 -.054 .309
#> finR_2 .031 .203 .168 .175 .681
#> finR_3 .376 .265 .854 -.027 .307
#> finR_4 .237 .294 .382 .068 .759
#> finR_5 .382 .260 .875 -.037 .331
#> finR_6 .225 .329 .369 .193 .754
#> heaR_1 .499 .284 .303 .097 .102
#> heaR_2 .488 .250 .247 .140 .072
#> heaR_3 .487 .296 .279 .037 .077
#> heaR_4 .467 .315 .315 .005 .077
#> heaR_5 .399 .235 .156 .136 .039
#> heaR_6 .519 .402 .279 .181 .158
#> recR_1 .158 .453 .103 .304 .166
#> recR_2 .370 .601 .350 .007 .234
#> recR_3 .310 .666 .269 .134 .252
#> recR_4 .237 .820 .221 .118 .246
#> recR_5 .297 .787 .270 .069 .221
#> recR_6 .247 .674 .260 .165 .298
#> socR_1 -.089 .010 -.140 .631 .036
#> socR_2 .107 .164 .049 .678 .155
#> socR_3 -.143 .025 -.089 .626 .057
#> socR_4 .022 .152 .013 .617 .111
#> socR_5 .078 .197 .012 .409 .128
#> socR_6 .018 .120 .006 .553 .124
#>
#> ── Simple Structure Diagnostics ────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Items with primary-loading gap < .200:
#> • heaR_4: F1 = .362, F2 = .163
#> • recR_1: F2 = .407, F4 = .217
#>
#>
#> ── Variances Accounted for ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
#> SS loadings 3.163 2.940 2.457 2.323 1.664
#> Prop Tot Var .105 .098 .082 .077 .055
#> Cum Prop Tot Var .105 .203 .285 .363 .418
#> Prop Comm Var .252 .234 .196 .185 .133
#> Cum Prop Comm Var .252 .486 .682 .867 1.000
#>
#> ── Model Fit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> χ²(295) = 3604.56, p < .001
#> CFI [95% bootstrap-CI]: .90 [.88, .90]
#> TLI [95% bootstrap-CI]: .85 [.82, .85]
#> RMSEA [90% CI] [95% bootstrap-CI]: .06 [.06; .06] [.06, .07]
#> AIC [95% bootstrap-CI]: 3014.56 [3034.98, 3700.48]
#> BIC [95% bootstrap-CI]: 1230.83 [1251.25, 1916.74]
#> ECVI [95% bootstrap-CI]: 1.26 [1.27, 1.48]
#> CAF [95% bootstrap-CI]: .43 [.43, .45]
#> SRMR [95% bootstrap-CI]: .03 [.03, .04]
#>
#> Note: Bootstrap CIs based on 1000 bootstrap samples.
#>
#> ── Residual Diagnostics ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Residual cutoff: |r| > .100
#> Number of large residuals: 7
#> Largest absolute residual: .246
#>
#> Largest residuals:
#> • heaR_3 ~~ heaR_4: .246
#> • socR_5 ~~ socR_6: .190
#> • socR_2 ~~ socR_4: .145
#> • recR_4 ~~ recR_5: .138
#> • heaR_1 ~~ heaR_2: .135
#> • recR_2 ~~ recR_3: .126
#> • recR_1 ~~ recR_3: .112
#>
#> Inspect the residual matrix for details (e.g., with residuals()).
# inspect residuals with residuals()
residuals(mod)
#> ethR_1 ethR_2 ethR_3 ethR_4 ethR_5
#> ethR_1 0.0000000000 0.001919361 0.040110633 -0.004366305 0.0398686298
#> ethR_2 0.0019193609 0.000000000 0.051351673 -0.020430720 -0.0049429995
#> ethR_3 0.0401106327 0.051351673 0.000000000 0.081672100 0.0288818382
#> ethR_4 -0.0043663054 -0.020430720 0.081672100 0.000000000 0.0333149594
#> ethR_5 0.0398686298 -0.004942999 0.028881838 0.033314959 0.0000000000
#> ethR_6 0.0405841568 0.026282970 0.045450944 0.028149579 0.0187898709
#> finR_1 0.0111270742 -0.006434044 0.014245152 0.009380118 0.0025759402
#> finR_2 0.0075531702 0.003704974 -0.015347877 0.017744475 0.0176028890
#> finR_3 0.0062334676 0.003308966 0.001315495 0.009312462 0.0034945485
#> finR_4 -0.0166237499 -0.014663821 -0.017357093 -0.016698897 -0.0174312455
#> finR_5 -0.0082532566 0.003043982 -0.004687753 0.004285391 0.0092379622
#> finR_6 -0.0092860185 -0.003711480 -0.006966906 -0.013540434 -0.0301857466
#> heaR_1 0.0049738778 0.008359162 -0.055880188 0.007130092 0.0010109939
#> heaR_2 -0.0513834281 0.055164201 -0.070564379 -0.036729296 -0.0331386742
#> heaR_3 -0.0097218604 -0.049226343 -0.048071095 -0.053699894 -0.0525279163
#> heaR_4 -0.0330385584 -0.008960833 -0.015555983 -0.039906944 -0.0221868272
#> heaR_5 -0.0326686399 -0.078645168 -0.046818454 0.042178391 -0.0501154768
#> heaR_6 -0.0324404536 -0.012615694 -0.084461504 -0.064143974 -0.0056839539
#> recR_1 0.0171481594 -0.020115444 -0.023081276 -0.018231529 -0.0215742190
#> recR_2 -0.0078417438 -0.019215500 0.026180414 -0.018336628 0.0005970064
#> recR_3 0.0213627795 -0.023521702 0.007778518 0.023307837 -0.0194798459
#> recR_4 -0.0014847694 0.019319774 0.023063666 0.031610969 0.0222082596
#> recR_5 -0.0059703080 0.014000766 0.020587444 0.031113565 0.0168282430
#> recR_6 0.0209481909 0.027891094 0.015364308 -0.029059408 0.0169439828
#> socR_1 0.0008069591 -0.012454685 -0.018898845 0.029253070 0.0035236268
#> socR_2 0.0117411813 0.004707962 0.012155553 -0.002291726 0.0282702203
#> socR_3 0.0229908383 -0.005414279 0.026567346 0.025314364 -0.0142252492
#> socR_4 0.0224634597 0.006150381 0.042416616 -0.019458383 0.0157349168
#> socR_5 -0.0150925009 0.014061906 0.002214296 -0.012377131 0.0357741533
#> socR_6 -0.0148244794 0.030629585 0.024032270 0.039389222 -0.0112568143
#> ethR_6 finR_1 finR_2 finR_3 finR_4
#> ethR_1 0.040584157 1.112707e-02 0.0075531702 6.233468e-03 -0.0166237499
#> ethR_2 0.026282970 -6.434044e-03 0.0037049741 3.308966e-03 -0.0146638210
#> ethR_3 0.045450944 1.424515e-02 -0.0153478775 1.315495e-03 -0.0173570934
#> ethR_4 0.028149579 9.380118e-03 0.0177444747 9.312462e-03 -0.0166988973
#> ethR_5 0.018789871 2.575940e-03 0.0176028890 3.494548e-03 -0.0174312455
#> ethR_6 0.000000000 -5.661974e-03 -0.0162182518 -1.020901e-03 -0.0043628684
#> finR_1 -0.005661974 0.000000e+00 0.0087007058 7.563691e-05 -0.0056162714
#> finR_2 -0.016218252 8.700706e-03 0.0000000000 2.498749e-03 0.0008732958
#> finR_3 -0.001020901 7.563691e-05 0.0024987491 0.000000e+00 -0.0069267035
#> finR_4 -0.004362868 -5.616271e-03 0.0008732958 -6.926703e-03 0.0000000000
#> finR_5 0.025056131 3.479851e-03 0.0004840636 3.513885e-03 0.0041245381
#> finR_6 -0.016471269 -1.355585e-02 -0.0082562023 2.963387e-03 0.0214565406
#> heaR_1 -0.018437189 1.792566e-02 0.0036665710 8.973994e-04 0.0137074928
#> heaR_2 -0.016473594 -2.387758e-02 0.0155674333 6.578790e-03 0.0077786798
#> heaR_3 -0.038072331 -1.429475e-02 -0.0123398249 -7.788668e-03 0.0336369458
#> heaR_4 -0.060953169 -3.755198e-03 -0.0399505434 -6.037948e-03 0.0222392295
#> heaR_5 -0.065974441 -6.846035e-03 -0.0034818851 -8.308054e-03 0.0246862895
#> heaR_6 -0.003199384 -7.804389e-03 0.0103731217 -5.703732e-03 0.0123498811
#> recR_1 -0.037810156 6.737341e-03 0.0258258476 5.928859e-03 -0.0112637689
#> recR_2 -0.032038662 1.225974e-02 0.0006637449 -1.310818e-02 0.0020505490
#> recR_3 -0.016985690 -3.360856e-03 0.0081718050 -1.803233e-03 -0.0009077597
#> recR_4 0.041722071 -9.300863e-03 -0.0062793787 9.980525e-03 0.0062919397
#> recR_5 0.035964299 4.252238e-04 -0.0071202488 9.513055e-03 0.0011025022
#> recR_6 0.010032347 6.758971e-03 0.0046227367 -3.828779e-03 -0.0324267616
#> socR_1 0.016903192 2.591856e-03 0.0336326821 7.609337e-03 0.0021698992
#> socR_2 -0.001469239 1.023198e-03 0.0135072705 6.453139e-03 -0.0085527698
#> socR_3 0.012457793 -3.306369e-03 -0.0127770353 9.893623e-03 -0.0147406883
#> socR_4 -0.001953734 -7.945170e-03 -0.0248896127 -1.207071e-02 0.0125014063
#> socR_5 0.043324393 2.112224e-02 0.0038238407 -1.807355e-02 -0.0084603641
#> socR_6 0.011257856 7.598806e-03 -0.0343171349 -1.676254e-03 -0.0055717516
#> finR_5 finR_6 heaR_1 heaR_2 heaR_3
#> ethR_1 -8.253257e-03 -0.009286018 0.0049738778 -0.051383428 -0.009721860
#> ethR_2 3.043982e-03 -0.003711480 0.0083591619 0.055164201 -0.049226343
#> ethR_3 -4.687753e-03 -0.006966906 -0.0558801885 -0.070564379 -0.048071095
#> ethR_4 4.285391e-03 -0.013540434 0.0071300921 -0.036729296 -0.053699894
#> ethR_5 9.237962e-03 -0.030185747 0.0010109939 -0.033138674 -0.052527916
#> ethR_6 2.505613e-02 -0.016471269 -0.0184371889 -0.016473594 -0.038072331
#> finR_1 3.479851e-03 -0.013555851 0.0179256603 -0.023877580 -0.014294749
#> finR_2 4.840636e-04 -0.008256202 0.0036665710 0.015567433 -0.012339825
#> finR_3 3.513885e-03 0.002963387 0.0008973994 0.006578790 -0.007788668
#> finR_4 4.124538e-03 0.021456541 0.0137074928 0.007778680 0.033636946
#> finR_5 1.110223e-16 -0.004350768 -0.0025407724 0.008688483 -0.019196106
#> finR_6 -4.350768e-03 0.000000000 -0.0086506865 0.010828731 0.032743193
#> heaR_1 -2.540772e-03 -0.008650687 0.0000000000 0.134739202 -0.037920792
#> heaR_2 8.688483e-03 0.010828731 0.1347392019 0.000000000 0.011491920
#> heaR_3 -1.919611e-02 0.032743193 -0.0379207917 0.011491920 0.000000000
#> heaR_4 -1.814601e-02 0.042818853 -0.0879576040 -0.039916181 0.246046503
#> heaR_5 2.483989e-03 0.017696479 0.0069513895 0.053173834 0.097484207
#> heaR_6 -4.840824e-03 0.019470073 0.0400382493 0.048967368 0.042175647
#> recR_1 -1.332485e-02 -0.010110670 0.0385138743 0.042180221 -0.028312126
#> recR_2 -9.949879e-03 -0.006382141 0.0042548181 -0.019268210 0.014912310
#> recR_3 -1.926819e-03 -0.019009888 0.0077585766 -0.004347300 -0.016209976
#> recR_4 1.754674e-02 -0.011312457 0.0020272674 -0.007770434 -0.032917724
#> recR_5 7.495640e-03 -0.001281005 0.0126986626 -0.010735364 -0.019892009
#> recR_6 -4.329788e-04 0.016609493 -0.0481766164 -0.020457652 -0.015608991
#> socR_1 7.722306e-03 -0.026656562 0.0290079981 0.018384301 -0.016464683
#> socR_2 -8.089515e-03 -0.008774178 -0.0175652234 -0.010820069 -0.007281281
#> socR_3 9.901727e-04 0.013649984 -0.0130453313 -0.033654039 -0.007074202
#> socR_4 7.128660e-03 -0.004181621 -0.0559967679 -0.022966696 0.002606542
#> socR_5 -9.945617e-04 -0.010900238 0.0065213961 -0.018231448 -0.021954127
#> socR_6 2.060514e-04 0.019249088 -0.0149993691 -0.047981685 -0.004446855
#> heaR_4 heaR_5 heaR_6 recR_1 recR_2
#> ethR_1 -0.033038558 -0.032668640 -0.032440454 0.017148159 -0.0078417438
#> ethR_2 -0.008960833 -0.078645168 -0.012615694 -0.020115444 -0.0192155004
#> ethR_3 -0.015555983 -0.046818454 -0.084461504 -0.023081276 0.0261804145
#> ethR_4 -0.039906944 0.042178391 -0.064143974 -0.018231529 -0.0183366281
#> ethR_5 -0.022186827 -0.050115477 -0.005683954 -0.021574219 0.0005970064
#> ethR_6 -0.060953169 -0.065974441 -0.003199384 -0.037810156 -0.0320386620
#> finR_1 -0.003755198 -0.006846035 -0.007804389 0.006737341 0.0122597355
#> finR_2 -0.039950543 -0.003481885 0.010373122 0.025825848 0.0006637449
#> finR_3 -0.006037948 -0.008308054 -0.005703732 0.005928859 -0.0131081803
#> finR_4 0.022239229 0.024686290 0.012349881 -0.011263769 0.0020505490
#> finR_5 -0.018146006 0.002483989 -0.004840824 -0.013324848 -0.0099498787
#> finR_6 0.042818853 0.017696479 0.019470073 -0.010110670 -0.0063821411
#> heaR_1 -0.087957604 0.006951390 0.040038249 0.038513874 0.0042548181
#> heaR_2 -0.039916181 0.053173834 0.048967368 0.042180221 -0.0192682103
#> heaR_3 0.246046503 0.097484207 0.042175647 -0.028312126 0.0149123101
#> heaR_4 0.000000000 0.055888592 0.052126969 -0.017062979 0.0235161399
#> heaR_5 0.055888592 0.000000000 0.088708963 0.064717712 0.0069537566
#> heaR_6 0.052126969 0.088708963 0.000000000 0.027032976 0.0055625248
#> recR_1 -0.017062979 0.064717712 0.027032976 0.000000000 0.0421362847
#> recR_2 0.023516140 0.006953757 0.005562525 0.042136285 0.0000000000
#> recR_3 -0.007881816 -0.013440453 -0.004225714 0.111558311 0.1261720989
#> recR_4 -0.049566716 -0.032688075 -0.039437873 -0.055620434 -0.0780331049
#> recR_5 -0.034114831 -0.030578314 -0.035273311 -0.068600428 -0.0419696778
#> recR_6 0.025719051 -0.016720621 0.011850316 0.001493897 -0.0186904376
#> socR_1 -0.033282944 0.022436783 -0.021808583 0.044539158 -0.0412123383
#> socR_2 -0.001017320 -0.031735813 0.008396804 -0.039516375 -0.0069890310
#> socR_3 -0.010387563 -0.003902217 -0.020379358 0.006295940 0.0025606841
#> socR_4 0.021094781 -0.028690728 -0.036873922 -0.047504851 0.0200858684
#> socR_5 -0.021543449 -0.046677307 0.015586106 -0.010230758 0.0044974004
#> socR_6 0.014141970 -0.015473665 -0.035944127 -0.016774471 0.0080665231
#> recR_3 recR_4 recR_5 recR_6 socR_1
#> ethR_1 0.0213627795 -0.001484769 -0.0059703080 0.0209481909 0.0008069591
#> ethR_2 -0.0235217023 0.019319774 0.0140007659 0.0278910937 -0.0124546847
#> ethR_3 0.0077785183 0.023063666 0.0205874440 0.0153643084 -0.0188988448
#> ethR_4 0.0233078374 0.031610969 0.0311135645 -0.0290594075 0.0292530699
#> ethR_5 -0.0194798459 0.022208260 0.0168282430 0.0169439828 0.0035236268
#> ethR_6 -0.0169856905 0.041722071 0.0359642985 0.0100323466 0.0169031921
#> finR_1 -0.0033608558 -0.009300863 0.0004252238 0.0067589714 0.0025918557
#> finR_2 0.0081718050 -0.006279379 -0.0071202488 0.0046227367 0.0336326821
#> finR_3 -0.0018032332 0.009980525 0.0095130549 -0.0038287794 0.0076093366
#> finR_4 -0.0009077597 0.006291940 0.0011025022 -0.0324267616 0.0021698992
#> finR_5 -0.0019268186 0.017546741 0.0074956402 -0.0004329788 0.0077223064
#> finR_6 -0.0190098880 -0.011312457 -0.0012810050 0.0166094933 -0.0266565623
#> heaR_1 0.0077585766 0.002027267 0.0126986626 -0.0481766164 0.0290079981
#> heaR_2 -0.0043473004 -0.007770434 -0.0107353643 -0.0204576519 0.0183843007
#> heaR_3 -0.0162099762 -0.032917724 -0.0198920088 -0.0156089909 -0.0164646833
#> heaR_4 -0.0078818158 -0.049566716 -0.0341148310 0.0257190507 -0.0332829443
#> heaR_5 -0.0134404535 -0.032688075 -0.0305783145 -0.0167206211 0.0224367832
#> heaR_6 -0.0042257139 -0.039437873 -0.0352733110 0.0118503157 -0.0218085835
#> recR_1 0.1115583110 -0.055620434 -0.0686004282 0.0014938968 0.0445391583
#> recR_2 0.1261720989 -0.078033105 -0.0419696778 -0.0186904376 -0.0412123383
#> recR_3 0.0000000000 -0.053597834 -0.0558336643 -0.0213076569 -0.0101104824
#> recR_4 -0.0535978342 0.000000000 0.1378809240 0.0330595053 0.0295162153
#> recR_5 -0.0558336643 0.137880924 0.0000000000 -0.0109523874 0.0232207682
#> recR_6 -0.0213076569 0.033059505 -0.0109523874 0.0000000000 -0.0269745409
#> socR_1 -0.0101104824 0.029516215 0.0232207682 -0.0269745409 0.0000000000
#> socR_2 -0.0123826202 0.012570217 0.0140286215 0.0146283687 0.0209785075
#> socR_3 0.0060427671 0.007252872 0.0085777710 -0.0056397962 0.0168906777
#> socR_4 0.0079668791 0.009953680 0.0134165965 0.0030089091 -0.0072011748
#> socR_5 -0.0098538521 0.005302575 0.0053179702 0.0096066819 -0.0351485978
#> socR_6 -0.0087254811 -0.004799714 -0.0051350217 0.0245084501 -0.0419866266
#> socR_2 socR_3 socR_4 socR_5 socR_6
#> ethR_1 0.011741181 0.0229908383 0.022463460 -0.0150925009 -0.0148244794
#> ethR_2 0.004707962 -0.0054142788 0.006150381 0.0140619063 0.0306295848
#> ethR_3 0.012155553 0.0265673465 0.042416616 0.0022142959 0.0240322702
#> ethR_4 -0.002291726 0.0253143638 -0.019458383 -0.0123771310 0.0393892216
#> ethR_5 0.028270220 -0.0142252492 0.015734917 0.0357741533 -0.0112568143
#> ethR_6 -0.001469239 0.0124577931 -0.001953734 0.0433243930 0.0112578556
#> finR_1 0.001023198 -0.0033063690 -0.007945170 0.0211222411 0.0075988064
#> finR_2 0.013507270 -0.0127770353 -0.024889613 0.0038238407 -0.0343171349
#> finR_3 0.006453139 0.0098936231 -0.012070712 -0.0180735515 -0.0016762542
#> finR_4 -0.008552770 -0.0147406883 0.012501406 -0.0084603641 -0.0055717516
#> finR_5 -0.008089515 0.0009901727 0.007128660 -0.0009945617 0.0002060514
#> finR_6 -0.008774178 0.0136499841 -0.004181621 -0.0109002377 0.0192490883
#> heaR_1 -0.017565223 -0.0130453313 -0.055996768 0.0065213961 -0.0149993691
#> heaR_2 -0.010820069 -0.0336540395 -0.022966696 -0.0182314479 -0.0479816855
#> heaR_3 -0.007281281 -0.0070742019 0.002606542 -0.0219541268 -0.0044468546
#> heaR_4 -0.001017320 -0.0103875632 0.021094781 -0.0215434489 0.0141419698
#> heaR_5 -0.031735813 -0.0039022170 -0.028690728 -0.0466773074 -0.0154736648
#> heaR_6 0.008396804 -0.0203793580 -0.036873922 0.0155861065 -0.0359441270
#> recR_1 -0.039516375 0.0062959397 -0.047504851 -0.0102307579 -0.0167744712
#> recR_2 -0.006989031 0.0025606841 0.020085868 0.0044974004 0.0080665231
#> recR_3 -0.012382620 0.0060427671 0.007966879 -0.0098538521 -0.0087254811
#> recR_4 0.012570217 0.0072528718 0.009953680 0.0053025745 -0.0047997140
#> recR_5 0.014028622 0.0085777710 0.013416597 0.0053179702 -0.0051350217
#> recR_6 0.014628369 -0.0056397962 0.003008909 0.0096066819 0.0245084501
#> socR_1 0.020978507 0.0168906777 -0.007201175 -0.0351485978 -0.0419866266
#> socR_2 0.000000000 -0.0473998150 0.145141225 -0.0500361053 -0.0588975674
#> socR_3 -0.047399815 0.0000000000 -0.007742205 -0.0054723176 0.0775395800
#> socR_4 0.145141225 -0.0077422045 0.000000000 -0.0483058266 -0.0487045862
#> socR_5 -0.050036105 -0.0054723176 -0.048305827 0.0000000000 0.1897362412
#> socR_6 -0.058897567 0.0775395800 -0.048704586 0.1897362412 0.0000000000
# DWLS estimation based on polychoric correlations, with robust sandwich SEs
mod <- efa_fit(GRiPS_raw, n_factors = 1, estimator = "dwls", cor_method = "poly",
se = "sandwich")
#> ℹ `x` is not a correlation matrix; computing correlations from the raw data.
#> Warning: 22 variable pairs have an empty response-category combination despite a
#> non-negligible expected count.
#> ✖ Affected pairs: "fun-friends", "fun-attracted", "friends-enjoy",
#> "friends-hurt", "friends-part", and 17 more.
#> ℹ The polychoric asymptotic covariance (and any DWLS weights or robust standard
#> errors derived from it) can be unreliable for such structurally sparse cells;
#> interpret them with caution and consider collapsing rare response categories
#> in these variables.
mod
#>
#> EFA performed with estimator = 'DWLS' and rotation = 'none'.
#>
#> ── Unrotated Loadings ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 h2 u2
#> fun .818 .669 .331
#> friends .855 .731 .269
#> enjoy .893 .797 .203
#> hurt .775 .601 .399
#> part .824 .679 .321
#> commonly .843 .711 .289
#> chances .817 .668 .332
#> attracted .859 .738 .262
#>
#> ── Variances Accounted for ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1
#> SS loadings 5.594
#> Prop Tot Var .699
#>
#> ── Model Fit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> scaled χ²(20) = 237.21, p < .001
#> CFI: .99
#> TLI: .99
#> RMSEA [90% CI]: .12 [.10; .13]
#> AIC: NA
#> BIC: NA
#> CAF: .49
#> SRMR: .02
summary(mod)
#>
#> EFA performed with estimator = 'DWLS' and rotation = 'none'.
#>
#> ── Model Diagnostics ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Factors: 1
#> Variables: 8
#> N: 810
#> Heywood cases: 0
#> Cross-loading items (|loading| >= .300): 0
#> Items without salient loading (|loading| >= .300): 0
#> Factors with fewer than 3 salient indicators: 0
#> Items with primary-loading gap < .200: 0
#> Largest |residual|: .038
#>
#> ── Unrotated Loadings ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 h2 u2
#> fun .818 .669 .331
#> friends .855 .731 .269
#> enjoy .893 .797 .203
#> hurt .775 .601 .399
#> part .824 .679 .321
#> commonly .843 .711 .289
#> chances .817 .668 .332
#> attracted .859 .738 .262
#>
#> ── 95% Wald CIs for salient unrotated loadings ─────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Variable Factor est lower upper
#> fun F1 .818 .798 .838
#> friends F1 .855 .835 .875
#> enjoy F1 .893 .875 .910
#> hurt F1 .775 .750 .800
#> part F1 .824 .802 .846
#> commonly F1 .843 .825 .861
#> chances F1 .817 .795 .840
#> attracted F1 .859 .842 .877
#>
#> ── Variances Accounted for ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1
#> SS loadings 5.594
#> Prop Tot Var .699
#>
#> ── Model Fit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> scaled χ²(20) = 237.21, p < .001
#> CFI: .99
#> TLI: .99
#> RMSEA [90% CI]: .12 [.10; .13]
#> AIC: NA
#> BIC: NA
#> CAF: .49
#> SRMR: .02
#>
#> Note: Wald CIs from the robust (Godambe) sandwich covariance.
#>
#> ── Residual Diagnostics ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Residual cutoff: |r| > .100
#> Number of large residuals: 0
#> Largest absolute residual: .038
#>
#> No absolute residuals > .100 occurred.
#>
#> Inspect the residual matrix for details (e.g., with residuals()).When you do not have raw data, you can enter a correlation matrix and sample size instead. With ML estimation, you can still get information-based SEs (from the expected information matrix), but these assume multivariate normality.
# ML estimation with oblimin rotation and information SEs, based on correlation
# matrix and N
mod <- efa_fit(test_models$baseline$cormat, N = 500, n_factors = 3, estimator = "ml",
rotation = "oblimin", se = "information")
mod
#>
#> EFA performed with estimator = 'ML' and rotation = 'oblimin'.
#>
#> ── Rotated Loadings ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 h2 u2
#> V1 -.036 .043 .607 .373 .627
#> V2 .013 .087 .458 .274 .726
#> V3 .074 .074 .430 .280 .720
#> V4 .111 .007 .536 .379 .621
#> V5 .164 .005 .418 .290 .710
#> V6 -.055 -.036 .687 .402 .598
#> V7 .017 .524 .095 .355 .645
#> V8 -.003 .562 .044 .345 .655
#> V9 .044 .535 .017 .328 .672
#> V10 -.019 .661 -.051 .385 .615
#> V11 .030 .352 .230 .296 .704
#> V12 .034 .649 -.015 .437 .563
#> V13 .612 .095 -.068 .397 .603
#> V14 .540 -.053 .086 .320 .680
#> V15 .552 .137 -.065 .363 .637
#> V16 .550 -.039 .092 .345 .655
#> V17 .652 -.035 -.013 .390 .610
#> V18 .549 .012 .052 .349 .651
#>
#> ── Factor Intercorrelations ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3
#> F1 1.000
#> F2 .591 1.000
#> F3 .621 .596 1.000
#>
#> ── Variances Accounted for ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3
#> SS loadings 2.225 2.088 1.994
#> Prop Tot Var .124 .116 .111
#> Cum Prop Tot Var .124 .240 .350
#> Prop Comm Var .353 .331 .316
#> Cum Prop Comm Var .353 .684 1.000
#>
#> ── Model Fit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> χ²(102) = 123.75, p = .070
#> CFI: .99
#> TLI: .98
#> RMSEA [90% CI]: .02 [.00; .03]
#> AIC: -80.25
#> BIC: -510.14
#> ECVI: 0.52
#> CAF: .50
#> SRMR: .03
summary(mod)
#>
#> EFA performed with estimator = 'ML' and rotation = 'oblimin'.
#>
#> ── Model Diagnostics ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Factors: 3
#> Variables: 18
#> N: 500
#> Rotation local optima: 1 distinct from 6 of 101 starts
#> Heywood cases: 0
#> Cross-loading items (|loading| >= .300): 0
#> Items without salient loading (|loading| >= .300): 0
#> Factors with fewer than 3 salient indicators: 0
#> Items with primary-loading gap < .200: 1
#> Largest |residual|: .069
#> Factor intercorrelations > .85: none
#>
#> ── Rotated Loadings ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3 h2 u2
#> V1 -.036 .043 .607 .373 .627
#> V2 .013 .087 .458 .274 .726
#> V3 .074 .074 .430 .280 .720
#> V4 .111 .007 .536 .379 .621
#> V5 .164 .005 .418 .290 .710
#> V6 -.055 -.036 .687 .402 .598
#> V7 .017 .524 .095 .355 .645
#> V8 -.003 .562 .044 .345 .655
#> V9 .044 .535 .017 .328 .672
#> V10 -.019 .661 -.051 .385 .615
#> V11 .030 .352 .230 .296 .704
#> V12 .034 .649 -.015 .437 .563
#> V13 .612 .095 -.068 .397 .603
#> V14 .540 -.053 .086 .320 .680
#> V15 .552 .137 -.065 .363 .637
#> V16 .550 -.039 .092 .345 .655
#> V17 .652 -.035 -.013 .390 .610
#> V18 .549 .012 .052 .349 .651
#>
#> ── 95% Wald CIs for salient rotated loadings ───────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Variable Factor est lower upper
#> V13 F1 .612 .488 .736
#> V14 F1 .540 .411 .669
#> V15 F1 .552 .423 .681
#> V16 F1 .550 .421 .679
#> V17 F1 .652 .535 .769
#> V18 F1 .549 .420 .679
#> V7 F2 .524 .394 .653
#> V8 F2 .562 .437 .687
#> V9 F2 .535 .407 .662
#> V10 F2 .661 .548 .773
#> V11 F2 .352 .211 .493
#> V12 F2 .649 .529 .770
#> V1 F3 .607 .474 .739
#> V2 F3 .458 .313 .604
#> V3 F3 .430 .282 .578
#> V4 F3 .536 .395 .677
#> V5 F3 .418 .269 .567
#> V6 F3 .687 .570 .805
#>
#> ── Factor Intercorrelations ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3
#> F1 1.000
#> F2 .591 1.000
#> F3 .621 .596 1.000
#>
#> ── 95% Wald CIs for factor intercorrelations ───────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Factors est lower upper
#> F1 ~~ F2 .591 .499 .683
#> F1 ~~ F3 .621 .531 .712
#> F2 ~~ F3 .596 .503 .690
#>
#> ── Structure Matrix ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3
#> V1 .366 .384 .610
#> V2 .349 .367 .518
#> V3 .385 .374 .520
#> V4 .448 .392 .609
#> V5 .427 .351 .523
#> V6 .350 .341 .631
#> V7 .385 .590 .418
#> V8 .357 .587 .377
#> V9 .371 .571 .363
#> V10 .339 .619 .331
#> V11 .381 .507 .459
#> V12 .409 .661 .393
#> V13 .626 .416 .369
#> V14 .562 .317 .390
#> V15 .593 .425 .360
#> V16 .584 .341 .410
#> V17 .623 .343 .371
#> V18 .589 .368 .401
#>
#> ── Simple Structure Diagnostics ────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Items with primary-loading gap < .200:
#> • V11: F2 = .352, F3 = .230
#>
#>
#> ── Variances Accounted for ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> F1 F2 F3
#> SS loadings 2.225 2.088 1.994
#> Prop Tot Var .124 .116 .111
#> Cum Prop Tot Var .124 .240 .350
#> Prop Comm Var .353 .331 .316
#> Cum Prop Comm Var .353 .684 1.000
#>
#> ── Model Fit ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> χ²(102) = 123.75, p = .070
#> CFI: .99
#> TLI: .98
#> RMSEA [90% CI]: .02 [.00; .03]
#> AIC: -80.25
#> BIC: -510.14
#> ECVI: 0.52
#> CAF: .50
#> SRMR: .03
#>
#> ── Residual Diagnostics ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#>
#> Residual cutoff: |r| > .100
#> Number of large residuals: 0
#> Largest absolute residual: .069
#>
#> No absolute residuals > .100 occurred.
#>
#> Inspect the residual matrix for details (e.g., with residuals()).If you use this package in your research, please acknowledge it by citing:
Steiner, M.D., & Grieder, S.G. (2020). EFAtools: An R package with fast and flexible implementations of exploratory factor analysis tools. Journal of Open Source Software, 5(53), 2521. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02521
If you want to contribute or report bugs, please open an issue on GitHub or email us at markus.d.steiner@gmail.com or silvia.steiner.grieder@gmail.com.